speare



(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 1.

A. J. SPEARE.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE. No. 580,809. Pater? Apr. 13. 1897.

WITNESSES: l/VVEA/TOI? By W Y ATTORNEYS.

HE mums PETERS 0o. Fnomumq. wnsmus'ron. a, c.

4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

(No Model.)

A. JLSPEARE. TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

Patented Apr. 13, 1897.

INVENTOI? ATTORNEYS.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ANDREHV JACKSON SPEARE, OF WVEST PLAINS, MISSOURI, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO ALLEN WOODBURN THOMPSON, OF SAME PLACE.

TYPE-WRITING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 580,809, dated April 13, 1897.- Application filed November 7, 1896. Serial No. 611,363. (No model.

To ctZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, ANDREW JACKSON SPEARE, of West Plains, in the county of Howell and State of Missouri, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Type- Writers, of which the following is a specification.

My invention is in the nature of an improvement in that form of type-Writers delo signed, after a line of writing is completed, to return the carriage and cylinder auto- ,matically instead of by hand, as it is usually r done, In this action the spring-power of the carriage is reversed-that is to say, instead .5 of using the spring-power to advance the carriage with a step-by-step movement as each letter is printed the spring is put upon the opposite sideof the machine and serves the purpose only of returning the carriage and as ,cylinderto start a new line, and for which purpose much less power in the spring is required, ,as it .does not ,need to be under so strong a tension as h n i is p y 130 give a quick and Positive feed to advance the carriage in securing high speed.

My invention eonsists in the peculiar construction and arrangement of the various parts of the machine for feeding the carriage positively and directly by the action .Of the 3 keys, for automatically returning the carriage after a line of writing is completed or in the middle of a line, and for automatically turning the cylinder to present a new space fer a line of writing, as will be hereinafter e fully described with reference to the 3 d nings, in which- Figure 1 is an end elevation, partly in section. Fi 2 is a similar View of the upper ,part of the machine, showing the carriage oiraised. Fig'. a perspective View from the rear of the machine. Fig. 4 is an enlarged ,detail of the carriage-moving mechanism. iFig. his a plan View. Fig. 6 is a section on the line 66 of ;Fig. 1,;looking in the direction 43 of the arrow. Figs. Fahd?) are details showing different positions of the toggle-arms for connecting and disconnectingthe gears of the cylindenoarriage. Fig. .9 isapei'spective view showing means for disconnecting the go lgears of the cylinderrearriage at any point the line of writing, Fig. 10 is a plan tionary table-surface of the machine.

of the automatic feed mechanism for the paper on the cylinder; and Fig. 11 is a sectional side view of the same on the line'll 11 of Fig. 10, looking in the direction of the arrow.

In the drawings, A, Figs. 1 and 3, represents the four corner-posts of the machine, which are connected at their lower ends by a rectangular base-frame A and at their upper ends by a rectangular table-frame A Fastened to the eornerposts a little distance above the base-frame A is the key-lever frame, composed of front bar C and back bar O. The base-frame A extends beyond the rear corner-posts and supports the back bar 0 some distance in rear of the machine.

D are the key-levers. These are fulcrumed upon a shaft D, held in hangers D projecting downwardly from the back bar 0 of the keylever frame, said levers being spaced or held a proper distance apart by any suitable spacing devices. The key-levers have the usual lettered and numbered keys on their forward ends and are held up with an elastic tension by springs cl, connecting each key-lever to the front cross-bar O of the key-lever frame. These key-levers act in the usual way upon the type-levers C through the medium of pull-rods d Just back of the rear corner-posts and in front of the fulcrum-shaft D there is a stir;

rap-bar E, which extends beneath all the key-levers at right angles to them and is designed to be acted upon by any one of the key-levers when depressed to transmit the feed to the carriage. For this purpose tl iis stirrup-bar is suspended by four ,(|no 're or less) wires 6, which at their upper ends connect with four corresponding pull-bars e, Figslfi, 4, and 5, each attached to the middle joint of a pair of toggle-arms e 6 One end of each toggle-arm e is pivoted, Figs. 2 and 4, to a horizontal and longitudinal sliding bar E, and the opposite end of the other arm e of the toggle is pivoted to a horizontal fixed bar 9 E supported upon uprights E upon the sta The sliding bar E is mounted to move freely upon antifriction-rollers 6 Fig. 3, within keepers a which latter also embrace and guide said sliding bar.

Now whenever the wires e and bars e are ICO pulled down the toggle-arms are straightened out with a thrust movement, and as one set of ends is pivoted to the stationary bar E the other ends react upon the sliding bar to give it a longitudinal movement through its guides upon the antifriotionrollers, this bar being returned by a spiral spring E, which at one end is fastened to a projection on the fixed bar and at the other end to a projection on the sliding bar.

Near the middle of the sliding bar E there is pivoted a pawl F, whose toothed end engages with the teeth of a notched wheel F, rigidly secured on a short shaft F Fig. 2, journaled in supports upon the table-surface and carrying upon its other end a small gear wheel or pinion F When the sliding bar moves forward, its pawl F engages with the teeth of wheel F and turns it one or more notches, the wheel being held to its position by a spring-detent f, while the pawl F is made to yield and pass over the teeth on the backward movement of the sliding bar by reason of a spring f The pinion F engages a row of teeth or a straight rack-bar G on the cylinder-carriage to advance it with a step-bystep motion as each letter is printed.

H is the carriage, in which is journaled the cylinder 11. This carriage has at its front end a supporting-wheel h, travelingon atrack H and at its back end is hung upon a horizontal shaft H fixed above and supported upon the table-surface by uprights E p The rack-bar G has at its ends right-angular arms, Figs. 1, 2, and 9, which are pivoted at g to the cylinder-carriage, so that the rack-bar may, when in its lower position, engage with its feed-pinion F but may be raised upon its pivots, so as to disengage said rack-bar from its driving-pinion when the cylinder-carriage is to be returned to its former position to start 7 a new line of printing.

The carriage,it will be seen,is advanced with a step-by-step feed by the direct action of the keys through the mechanism just described, but is returned by a strap I, Figs. 5 and 6, fastened at one end to the carriage and at the other end to the periphery of a spring-drum I, which has a coiled sp i g 7 Fig 61 Withinit, which has a tendency to turn the drum, and by Winding up the strap thereon returns the carriage to its position to start a new line of printing. Such a spring, drum, and strap have heretofore been used on the opposite side of the machine to advance the carriage instead of retracting it, except that the spring in the present case is not to be made so strong.

'lo cause the rack-bar to be lifted automatically at the end of a line of writing, so as to permit its return, the carriage has just below the rack-bar a stationary bar J, Figs. 2 and 6, and to this stationary bar is pivoted the lower end of a pair of toggle-arms t'j, Figs. 6, 7, and

8, the upper end of the upper arm being pivoted to the hinged rack bar. The middle joint of the toggle is a knuckle-joint, which breaks or bends to one side only and locks when thrown to the other side of a straight line between the end pivots. At one side of the table there is an impact-post K and at the other an impact-post K, and when the oar-' riage with its hinged rack-bar (engaged with its pinion) reaches its extreme position at the end of a line of writing the middle knucklejoint of the toggle i j strikes the post K, and thus straightens the toggle to its vertical line, as shown by dotted lines in Fig. 7, and lifts the hinged rack-bar away from its feed-pinion F so that the strap and spring-drum can pull the carriage back to the starting-point for a newline of printing. To enable the toggle to hold the rack-bar up and away from its feed-pinion throughout its entire return stroke, the toggle is thrown, by impact with post K, a little past the vertical line of the toggle-pivots, and is thus locked in this position until it reaches the end of its return stroke, when the knuckle-joint strikes the other post K, and thus deflecting the toggle in the opposite direction allows the rack-bar to fall, as indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 8, to reengagement with its feed-pinion again.

In some cases it is necessary to return the cylinder-carriage in the middle of a line in ending a paragraph. For this purpose the toggle-arms ij must be deflected positively, and for this purpose the toggle-joint (see Fig. 9) has an axial pin 0, acted upon by a doublecrank lever o. Ordinarily the end of the double crank 0 next to the pin 0 is down and out of engagement therewith, but is capable of being thrown up into its path of travel by a bail o pivoted at o to the framework and raised and lowered by a rod d, connecting with one of the key-levers. When this rod cl is pulled down, the bail 0 acts on the doublecrank lever o no matter where it may be along its line of travel, and by causing its iir ner end to act on the pin 0 of the toggle lifts the rack-bar G and allows the carriage to be returned. The automatic return of the cylinder-carriage is also made to automatically turn the cylinder one or more spaces to start a new line of printing. This is accomplished as follows:

On the end of the cylinder is a ratchet-wheel L, Figs. 3 and 11, which is engaged and moved by a horizontal thrust-bar Z, that slides longitudinally through a yoke-shaped frame Z, whose guide-holes are somewhat larger than the bar, as shown in Fig. 11, so as to allow said bar not only to move longitudinally through them, but to have also a slight up-and-down motion, so as to accommodate the toothed end of the thrust-bar to the curve of the ratchet wheel, allowing said thrust-bar to follow the curve of the ratchet-wheel in its advance, so that it does not slip off the teeth of the ratchet. This thrust-bar is drawn back bya spiral spring Z and rides upon a spring Z in the yoke-shaped frame, so as to be held up to place with yielding pressure that allows the slight up-and-down movement of the thrustwheel. The yoke-shaped frame Z has an outturned foot or plate Z Fig. 10, upon which is rigidly but adjustably mounted a disk or plate m, to which is pivoted one member m of a toggle, the other member 'm being pivoted to the thrust-bar. On the stationarytable surface of the type-writer there is an upwardly-projecting and rigid arm M, which is struck by the middle joint of the toggle m m Figs. 3, 5, and 10, when the carriage reaches the end of its return stroke. This impact straightens out the toggle and forces the thrust-bar against the ratchet wheel and moves the latter the desired distance to feed the paper and space the next line of writing. To give a greater or less thrust to the bar, so as to make a greater or less space between the lines of writing, the disk m (see Fig. 10) is adjustably fixed to the outturned plate Z by means of a central axis m a series of locking-holes m and a locking-pin m, which by changing the relative position of the toggle-pivot causes a greater or less thrust to be given to the thrust-bar.

In making use of my invention I do not confine the feed devices to use with a revolving shaft and a pinion for engagement with the rack-bar of the carriage, but may use it in connection with an escapement-bar such as is used on the No. 2,Remington by simply arranging the pawl F to act upon said bar instead of upon the ratchet-wheel of the revolving shaft bearing the pinion.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a type-writer carriage actuated directly by the keys, the combination with the key-levers, of a subjacent stirrup-bar with pull rods or wires, a stationary horizontal bar, and a parallel and longitudinally-movable slide-bar, a set of toggle-arms, one end of each of which is pivoted to said stationary bar and the other end to the slide-bar, and the middle joint to the slide-rod, a spring for retracting the slide-bar, a pawl mounted on the slide-bar, and mechanism interposed between said pawl and the cylinder-carriage to impart a feed motion from the pawl thereto substantially as shown and described.

2. The combination with the cylinder-carriage in a type-writer, of a hinged rack-bar, means for advancing it with a step-by-step motion, a pair of toggle-arms mounted on the carriage and having one end pivoted to its stationary part of the carriage, and the other end to the hinged rack-bar, said toggle having a knuckle-joint in the middle, and impactposts secured to the stationary-table surface and adapted to strike the middle of the toggle to alternately straighten, and bend the toggle, in automatically adjusting the rack to engagement with or release from its feed devices, substantially as and for the purpose described.

3. A type-writer carriage-feed, comprising the key-levers with subjacent stirrup-bar and pull-rods, two parallel horizontal bars one stationary, and the other longitudinally sliding and provided with a feed-pawl and retracting-spring, toggles having their opposite ends connected respectively to these two bars, and their middle joints to the pull-rods, a short subjacent shaft at right angles to said bars provided on one end with a ratchet-wheel, engaged by said pawl, and a detent, and on the other end with a pinion, a hinged rackbaron the carriage engaging with said pinion, and toggle-arms and impact-posts for automatically adjusting said hinged rack-bar in relation to its feedpinion substantially as and for the purpose described.

4. A type-writer carriage having a positive and direct advance feed from the keys, a spring for retracting it, and an automatic adjusting mechanism for feeding the paper on the cylinder, consisting of a stationary stop or striking-piece M, a ratchet L on the cylinder, and mechanism carried by the carriage and operating on the ratchet of the cylinder constructed of spring-seated thrust-bar Z, and toggle-arms m m one end being pivoted to the thrust-bar, and the other to a fixed pivot, and the middle joint being arranged to come, on return of the carriage against the strikingpiece or stop on the stationary frame, substantially as and for the purpose described.

5. In an automatic cylinder-feed for a typewriter carriage, the combination with feed devices set in motion by the impact of the return of the carriage; consisting of thrustbar Zand toggle-arms m m of an adjustable disk or plate m connected to the toggle-arms, pivoted centrally to its support, and having holes m and locking-pin m for adjusting the extent of throw of said impact-actuated devices substantially as and for the purpose described.

65. The combination in a type-writer, of a feed-pinion for the type-carriage, a rack-bar engaging therewith and hinged to the carriage, toggle-arms for adjusting the rack-bar, a tripping device for the toggle-arm, and a pivoted bail extending across the machine and an actuating-rod connecting with a keylever and the bail and arranged to adjust the latter to act on the tripping device and adjust the toggle-arms and hinged rack-bar substantially as and for the purpose described.

7 In an automatic cylinder-feed for a typewriter, the combination with a ratchet-wheel on the cylinder and a fixed stop or impactarm on the frame or table-surface ofa thrustbar Z with retracting-spring, loose guides for the thrust-bar with a spring for controlling its lateral motion, a pair of toggle-arms m m and an adjusting disk or plate 772, one end of said toggle being pivoted to the thrust-bar, and the other to the adjusting disk or plate, substantially as and for the purpose described.

ANDREXV JACKSON SPEARE. Witnesses:

J. B. TILLMAN, ALLEN WOODBURN THOMPSON. 

